Carbon dot nanomaterials (CDNs) have emerged as a significant class of nanomaterials with a broad spectrum of applications in various fields. These exceptionally fluorescent nanoparticles exhibit unique optical, electronic, and catalytic properties that originate from their inherent structure and surface chemistry. Their tunable size, shape, a

Quantum dots (QDs) are semiconducting nanocrystals with unique optical and electronic properties that make them highly desirable get more info for a variety of applications. However, their full potential can be further exploited by modifying their surfaces to achieve specific functionalities. Surface modification allows for the binding of functiona